by Dianna M. Ná?ez - 30 October 2010 12 H.
The Arizona Republic
To Arizona to ban affirmative action sponsored by State measures has intensified in the weeks preceding the elections Tuesday, the. But the people on both sides to agree on one thing: If the measure passes, it raises similar national proposals and re-launch the debate on whether America has moved beyond racial and sexual discrimination which under the leadership of the movement of the 1960s civil protection.
107 Is a proposed constitutional amendment to ban affirmative action in the State, County and the municipalities of higher education, procurement and hiring, at least to ban could result in the loss of federal funds or violating a court order.If voters approve the measure, Arizona would become the fifth State to pass a ban on affirmative action.
Although these laws have slowly spread from California in 1996, supporters and opponents of prop.107 affirmative action bans say get a larger advertising if the measure passes because nation concentrates on the policy of Arizona and .Opposants immigration laws say that expect several States to mimic the Senate Bill 1070 try also take positive action that bans.
Crossing prop.107 Arizona is part of a broader strategy to target States by region, said Ward Connerly, who heads a Californian purpose non-profit based on the dismantling of the measures of positive action in all 50 States.
Opponents say that the target group of Arizona because of support from the GOP majority of racial laws prohibiting ethnic studies and by targeting illegal immigration legislature.
Measurement history
Connerly led campaign "Yes on 107.
His group was behind a similar initiative citizens in Arizona who was disqualified from the ballot in 2008 due to a lack of valid signatures.
This year, Connerly worked with Senator Russell Pearce, R-Mesa and Rep Steve Montenegro, R-Litchfield Park, who co-sponsored the Bill to designate the ballot measure.
Pearce said that he wanted the reference to evade difficult and costly effort to collect enough signatures for the petition for a citizens initiative.
"Arizona is the first state legislature has returned for the ballot)," he said, adding that Connerly should push for legislative reference instead of citizen initiatives in other States.
Opponents of the measure are hoping the measurement fails and signals to other States that America has not achieved equality for women and people of colour.
Affirmative action
Positive action was born in the 1960s civil rights movement.Programs aimed at redressing discrimination institutionalized giving women and minorities years special consideration in public education, employment and decisions today, public bodies more not basing decisions on quotas but could, for example, give preferential treatment to a group underrepresented in hiring decisions or admissions.
Some municipalities, Tucson, focusing on a qualified women and minority businesses to ensure that they receive a fair share of gouvernementaux.Contrats contracts financed by the Federal Government to Arizona to retain the positive action, even if prop.107 passes.
The arguments
Pearce said that arizona has become a leader in passing legislation that appeals to voters at national.Prop.107 pass, he said, and in other States, voters will be putting pressure on their legislators to the same constitutional protections enjoy Arizona, he said.
"(Prop.107) is underway in souffrance.Vous cannot discriminate against a group rather than the other", he said."Affirmative action... should have begun to jamais.Les Americans are on our side of a coast to coast on this issue."
Connerly believes prop.107 because affirmative action programs are discriminatory, obsolete and increase racial tensions.
But legislators, students, teachers and companies against the coalition argues that Connerly falsely represented affirmative action in Arizona.
Rep David Lujan, D-Phoenix, said that Connerly described quotas for minorities in the college admission process that do not exist in Arizona.La Supreme Court in 2003 prohibits these quotas when the Court pronounced on undergraduate students of Michigan law school admissions procedures.
The Court has allowed the race to take into consideration the admissions at the University, but limited how much of a factor could be .alors-Justice Sandra Day o ' Connor was the decisive vote and writes that America had not reached the point where there no need for positive action.
She wrote: "we expect that 25 years, the use of racial preferences is necessary interest endorsed today."
Officials with the public universities of the Arizona say they follow the decision of Michigan.
Max Feldhake, a student of 21 years who co-chairs Arizona State University lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and Queer Coalition, said he should think about whether the 50 years of positive action may do for hundreds of years of prejudice.
The impact
Although the State or Arizona municipal governments have declared not programs would be affected if the measure passes, many opponents and supporters agree that he would have an impact on aid financed by the State to a person based on the colour or sex.
Opponents say might lose funding programs include those who help the Indians to graduating college; provides educational resources for women seeking science, construction or technology degrees; and providing assistance to women victims of domestic violence.
Connerly said that these programs can continue without interruption, as long as they are open to all.
If prop.107 passes, Lujan said, Arizona will probably see the rate of registered minorities and graduating college cuts, as was the case in California when it is passed a similar prohibition.
Connerly has recognized the potential decrease, but said that he would be temporaire.Diversité bounced in most universities in California, he said.
Oscar Tillman, head of the NAACP of Maricopa County and a pastor of Phoenix, stated that if the proposal 107 passes, it will damage Arizona image even more.
"Very now, the rest of the country watch Arizona as the Mississippi River in the West", he said. "If this passes, racial tensions will be worse not better, way worse.?
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